Blowing-engine.



e. B. PBTscHB. BLOWING ENGINE APPLICATION Hum b01217, 1907. Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

a SHEETS-411E121 1;

G. B. PETSCHE.

BLOWING ENGINE. APPLICATION NLRB 001'. 17, 1907.

899,558, Patented Sept. 29,1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2..

II/Ill; v

INVEN T0 I er ATTORNEY.-

G. B. PETSGHE.

' BLOWING 2mm. APPLIUATION FILED OUT. 17, 1907. I I 899,553 I Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

jgd 0 9 w Gd 0 o r 1/ a G nnrrn sa l-ire i i inns timer;

GUSTAV B. PETSCHE,

.FOUNDRY AND MACHINE COMPANY RATION OF PENNSYLVANIA.

OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOIt TU SOUTHWARK OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNb'YLVANIA, A CORPO- BLOWING-ENGINE.

Application filed October 1'7, 1907. Serial No. 397,818.

, It concern: Be it know; lat 1, (it's'riw B. Pn'rsciin, sub ect of the'dflmperor of Germany, residing in the city aiidcotinty of Philadelphia, in the Specification of Letters Patent.

State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Blowingdflngines, of whichthe fOllOWIII is a true and exact description, reference being hadto the accompanying drawings, which l'Oll'il a part thereof.

Patented Sept. 29, 1908.

- 0f the drawings, Figure 1 is an elevation of a r a blowing engine equipped with one l'orniof my invention: Fig. 2 is an elevation taken at right angles to Fig. l, with a portion oi the n'iechanisn'i shown. in section. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation taken on the line 7 of Fig. 1', but on a larger scale than ligs. 1 and .2,

i and showing a portion only of the mechaning a modified construction.

The present invention relates to blowing 5 engines or air compressors, and particularly to the means for actuating the inlet or suction valves of such engines.

The primary object of the invention is to provide a connection between each inlet valve and the valve gear proper so that the inlet valve will it closed he moved positively into the openposition at the proper period in the stroke of the. reciprocatingpiston, while at the same time providing a suitable yielding connectii'in, such as is formed by a piston and vacuum cylinder, between the valve and i the valve gear whiclitends'to close. the inlet valve during the compressing stroke of the compressing piston, and also providing means controlled manually or automatically or in both ways for releasably holding the in,- let valve in the open position. With these provisions the inlet valve may be released trom its holding means and moved into the, closed position at a definite period in the stroke of the compressing iston. for normal i'ipcration, or may be de ayed in closing where it, is desired to compress less than the normal amount of air,-or may be held open;

throughout the compressing stroke to reduce the load on the engine when for any reasonno compression is required, as because the receiver pressure is high enough or to facilitate the starting of theengine, the latter be iiig of particular importance when the driving engine. is a engine or the like/which does not start with readiness under load.

The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For

a better understanding-of this invention,

however, and the advantages possessed by it, reference may he had to the accompanyin drawings and descri tive matter in which l have illustrated an described forms in. which the invention may be embodied.

of Fig. 4, but on alai'ger scale.

ism. Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 3, show-' Fig. 5 is apartial sectional elevation ta ken on the line 5--5 Fig. (i is a sectional elevation taken on the line 6- 6 of Fig. Fi 7 is a somewhat diagrammatic representation of the engine taken generally similar to Fig. l, and showing-afurthcr ino'dification of the invei'ition, and Fig. 8 a perspective view showing in detail the construc tion of Fig. 7.

In the drawings, and referring at 'iirst particularly to Figs. 1,2, and I), the blowing engine shown is of a well known type, such as is shown and described in my Patent No. 784,122, granted March 7, 1905. A represents the double action compressing cylinder having receiver connections A at each end, and having also air inlet ports A ateach end. At each end of the cylinder are located an inlet valve and a iilclivery valve, but as the particular construction of these valves iswel a'iiown and forms no part of the present invention, it is not thought necessary, to illustrate them or desm'ihc i'heni herein further than to say that they may he of the gridiron type as shown in my said prior patent, and that each delivery valve has a stem B, and each inlet viilve a stcnit which extend into the corresponding casing B and Cf The valve gear for operating both the inlet and outletvnlves of the compressor comprise, in the form shown, a shaft l), which is oscillate rock shafts D and I)" through suit/ able connecting rods D and I) and'arnts; from the latter. h

The means by which each delivery valve is operated from the rock shaft l)'com.prises a piston B connected to crank arms l')'" of the.

rock shaft D by a rod 1). The piston B slides in a chamber B formed to receive it in a iston head B secured to the end of the va ve stem or valve operating rod B, and

sliding in a chamber B formed in the casing B. The delivery valve opens when the stem B moves outward in the direction of the arrow shown in Fig. 2. The valve is opened when thereceiver pressure reaches the proper point by air admitted to the inner side of the piston Blrom the compressing cylinder through the connection B running from the compressing cylinder to the piston chamber B moved out of the position shown in Fig. 2 by the oscillation of the shaft B so as not to interfere with the opening of the valve. The piston B serves to close the valve at the proper point, and also as a means for trapping air in the chamber B in which it plays to thereby cushion the opening movement of the delivery valve. Suitable means may be employed for regulating this cushioning action, as by regulating the leakage between the piston B and the wall of the chamber B No claims on the delivery valve operating mechanism are made herein as this mechanism is described and claimed in my prior application Serial No. 2,309, filed January 22, 1900.

Each rock shaft D has secured to it crank arms I) connected by a rod D to a iston which works in the piston chain er C formed in the piston C secured to the outer end of the corresponding inlet valve stem or operating red C. The piston C works in the vacuum piston chamber (1 formed in the casing C. Admission of air from the atmos here to the inner end of the piston chamber 4 is controlled by a rotary valve F, which may be moved to open or close to the atmosphere the outer end of the port F which commuhicates with the casing port C running to the inner end of the chamber (7 The escape of air from the chamber (3 when the piston C moves toward its inner end is permitted by the non-return or check valve The valve closing movement of the piston C is cushioned by air trapped in the chamber C at the front end-of the piston, which may be regulated by the size of the restricted openingC. The outward movement is also checked to some extent by the slight leakage in the chamber C which occurs in practice.

The valves F may be alternately opened and closed in regular succession by suitable connections from the shaft D. These connections, shownbest in Fig. 3, include an eccentric D, a connecting rod D, a lever G, to the outer end of which the rod D is pivotally connected, a link F connecting the inner end "of the leverG and the outer end of an arm F secured to the teeny valve F, and a movable fulcrum in G for the leverG. In the form M shown, t e fulcrum pins G for the two levers The piston B is at this time.

G at opposite ends of the engines are carried by arms Gr projecting from a rock shaft G, which has secured to it another arm G eariyhig at its outer end a gear segment G. The gear segment G meshes with a worm wheel 11 which can be rotated through a hand wheel ll. An. indicator linger GI and cooperating dial show the position of the in]- crum pm.

It will be understood that each eccentric D is so set and the connections between it and the corresponding rock shaft 1) and between the latter and the piston C connected to it are so arranged to cause the piston C to move in and begin to open the admission valve connected with it, it the latter is closed, as soon as the corresponding suction stroke be ins, The positive opening of the valve is preferably completed comparatively early in the suction stroke. After the in and movement of each piston C is completed,

the latter moves outward and is maintained at a distance away from the inner limit of its stroke equal to or exceeding the outward movement of the piston C", throughout the following compression stroke, so that at any point in this stroke the corresponding admission valve may, if released, open to its full extent under the action of the vacuum maintained in the chamber 0". The move ment of the piston (1 is for convenience made greater than the movement of the piston C". Until air is admitted to the inner end of a chamber C this chamber and its piston O unite to form a lock holding the corresponding admission valve in the open position. Whenever air is admitted to the front end of a chamber C" by its valve F, the pressure of the air against the large front end of the piston C closes the attached admission valve, since the pressure of the at'n'iosphere. has been taken oiT of a large uor'tion of the outer end of the piston C by the piston C In normal operation each valve F opened through its operating connection from the shaft D at the beginning of the corresponding compression stroke. When it is desired for any reason to delay the point at which a valve F opens in order to delay the closing of the corresponding admission valve and thereby reduce the. amount of air compressed at that stroke of the compressing piston, the corresponding hand wheel II is rotated to properly adjust the fulcrum pin G and thereby change the throw of the lever G. By displacing the fulcrum pin G far enough the corresponding admission valve can be prevented from closing at all, thus preventing any compression from taking place in the corresponding end of the compressing cylinder.

Instead of the arrangement for varying the operation of the valve F shown in Figs. 1, 2, and 3, the arrangement shown in Figs. 4, 5, and 6 may be employed. In this moditied form of the invention the connecting rod D is connected directly to the valve arm F. In this form, however, the valve seat 'F' for the valve F is made angularly adjustable, and has secured to it an operating arm Ff carrying a gear segment i which meshes with a spur gear F carried by a shaft l which may be oscillated by the hand wheel F". The shaft F, which runs betx'veen the two valves F at the opposite ends of the cylinder/may be locked in any position into which it may be turned by the set screw F. By rotating the valve seat F", and thereby angularly adjusting its port F, the, point in the strokes of the com nessin )iston at which the orts F" of the valves l re ister with the ports F and thereby admit air to the cylinders (3" may be varied as desired.

Fi s. Z and 8 illustrate an arranmunent m which the valves F are antomatically main tained in the closed position, and the admis- Slbllflti-lVOS are consequently maintained in the o )en )osition whenever the receiver pressure rises above a prerletermintul value. In this construction, the shaft F of Figs. 4 and 5 has secured to it an arm F, which is connected by the jointed rod 1 to a piston i" working in a cylinder The lower end of the piston chamber is connected to one of the receiver casings A by a conduit if, and

' a spring I is placed. between theupper end of the piston and the upper wall of the piston chamber, the spring being so proportioned that the receiver pressure rises above a predetermined value the piston will be raised and the shaft F will be rotated to adjust the ports F and thereby reduce orentirely prevent compression from occurring in the compression cylinder. A hand lever I forms a means in this construction by which the adjustment may be made manually,

The mnstructions described. possess a number 0 important operating advantages. For one thin the various valves are properly cushioned. The importance of this is obvious when it is ,considered that the inlet and outlet valves aremassive and may exeeed one thousand pounds eachin weight in the larger size engines, and these valves are required to move very rapidly from the open to the closed positions to prevent wire drawing. The piston and vacuum cylinder connection for prmlucing-theoutward pull on -lhe inlet valves to movethe latter when released possesses the advantages that the parts are subject to little wear'and are not injured in operation, as would be the case for instance if spring crmnections were employed; By employing the pressure of the atmosphere to move t-he inlet valves to the closed position a definite and powerful moving lorce obtained which may be controlled in an easy and effective manner.

l laving now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure. by Letters Patent is:

1. In a blowing engine having a e .m1pression chamber and an inlet and an outlet valve therefor, means for moving the inlet valve. arranged to positively open the valve, if closed, at the beginning of each suction stroke in the compression chamber and tending to close the inlet valve throughout the following compression stroke, and means in dependent of the valve moving means for re lcasably holding the inlet valve in the open position. l

2. In a blowing engine having a compression chamber and an inlet and an outlet valve therefor, means for moving the inlet valve arranged to positively open the valve, it closed, at the beginning of each suction stroke in the compression chamber, and tending to closethe inlet valve throughout the. following compression stroke, and means responsive to the pressure of the fluid compressed and independent of the valve moving means for releasably holding the inlet valve in the open position.

3. In a blowing engine having a emnpression chamber, an inlet and outlet valve there; for, a shaft rotating in deiinite relation to the speed. of the engine and connections therefrom for moving the inlet valve, arranged to positively open the inlet valve, it closed, at the beginning of each suction stroke in the compression chamber and tending to close the inlet. valve throughout the following compression stroke, valve controlled means for holding the inlet'valvein the open position, a controlling valve for said means, and a connection from said shaft for opening and closing said controlling valve.

4. In a blowing engine having a compression chaml'rer, an inlet and outlet valve therefor, a shaftrotating in definite relation to the speed of the engine and connections therefrom for moving the inlet valve, arranged to positively open the inlet valve, it closed, at the beginning of each suction stroke in the compression chamber and tending to close the inlet valve throughout the following comsaid controlling valve, and means For adjust-' ing the last mentioned means to regulate the time of closing the inlet; valve.

5. In a blowing engine having a con'ipres sion chamber and outlet and inlet valvesfor said. chamber, operating means for the inlet valve comprising a pair of members, one movable with the inlet valve and the other independently thereof, means for giving said. other member a to and fro movement in definite relation to the engine movement, a yielding connection between said members tending to close the inlet valve during the compression stroke in the compression chamber, said connection comprising a piston carried by one of said members which enters the open end of a piston chamber formed in the other member and open at one end only, and means releasably holding the inlet valve in the open position.

6. In a blowing engine having a compression chamber and an inlet and outlet valve therefor, a member connected to the inlet valve and formed with a piston chamber 0,

means for moving said piston C in definite relation to the speed of the engine and so that it engages said member to move the valve, if closed, into the open position at the beginning of each suction stroke and is maintained during the compression stroke away from the member when the latter is in the closed position a distance equal to or exceeding the opening movement, whereby a vacuum is then maintained in said chamber so long as the valve remains open tending to move the valve into the closed position, and means for releasably holding the valve in the open osition.

7. n a blowing engine having a compression chamber and an inlet and an outlet valve therefor, a casing C having a piston chamber C, a piston O movable in said chamber and connected to the inlet valve and having a piston chamber C formed in it, a piston C fitted in said chamber C, means for moving said piston C in definite relation to the speed of the engine and arranged to engage the piston C and open the valve, if closed, at the beginning of the suction stroke, and to maintain a vacuum in said chamber C tending to close the valve during such portion of the compression stroke as the valve remains open, and means for releasably hplding the piston C in the valve open position, said means comprising a valve controlling the admission of air to the chamber C 8. In a blowing engine having a compression chamber and an inlet and an outlet valve therefor, a casing C having a piston chamber C, a piston C movable in said chamber and connected to the inlet valve and having a iston chamber C formed in it, a piston C 'tted in said chamber 0', means for moving said piston C in definite relation to the speed of the engine and arranged to engage the piston C and open the inlet valve, if closed, at the beginning of the suction stroke, and to maintain a vacuum in said chamber C tending to close the inlet valve during such portion of the compression stroke as the inlet valve remains open, means for releasably holding the piston C in the valve open position, comprising a valve controlling the admission ofair to the chamber C, and connections for opening and closing said controlling valve in definite relation to the speed of the engine.

9, In a blowing engine having a compression chamber and an inlet and an outlet valve therefor, a casing C having a piston chamber C, a piston C movable in said chamber and connected to the inlet valve and having a iston chamber C formed in it, a piston C itted in said chamber 0'', means for moving I sg'id piston C in definite relation to the speed a piston C fitted in said piston chamber, o-

.the engine and arranged to engage the pisr611 C and open the inlet valve, if closed, at

the beginning of the suction stroke, and to maintain a vacuum in said. chamber tending to close the inlet valve during such portion of the compression stroke as the inlet valve remains open, mechanism controlling the admission of air at the proper time to the chamber C to permit the inlet valve to close, comprising a hollow rotary valve member F rovided with a valve port F and an angufiarly adjustable valve seat member F provided with the port F, means for oscillating the valve F in definite relation to the movement of the engine speed, and means for adjusting the valve seat member F to adjust the time in which the ports are brought into register.

10 Ina blowing engine having a compression member and an inlet and an outlet valve therefor, a casing C having a piston chamber C, a piston (J movable in said chamber and connected to the inlet valve and having a piston chamber C formed in it, a piston C fitted in said chamber 0", means for moving said piston C in definite relation to the speed of the engine and arranged to engage the piston C and open the inlet valve, if closed, at the beginning of the suction stroke, and to maintain a vacuum in said chamber U tending to close the inlet valve during such portion of the compression stroke as the inlet valve remains open, mechanism controlling the admission of air at the proper time to the chamber C to permit the inlet valve to close, comprising a hollow oscillatory valve member 1 provided with a valve port F and an angularly adjustable valve seat member F" provided with the port F, means for controlling the valve F 111 definite relation to the movement of the engine speed, and means for adjusting the valve seat member 1* to adjust the time in which the ports are brought into register in response to'the pressure of the receiver into which the blowing engine discharges.

GUSTAV B. lE'lSCl IE. Witnesses ARNOLD KATZ, S. STEWART. 

